Sprinkle the sliced green tomatoes with salt and black pepper. Let them sit for about 10 minutes to draw out excess moisture.
In a shallow bowl, combine the flour, cornmeal, paprika, and cayenne pepper (if using).
In another bowl, whisk together the eggs and buttermilk until well combined.
Dip each tomato slice first into the flour mixture, then into the egg mixture, and finally back into the flour mixture, ensuring they are well coated.
Heat about 1/2 inch of vegetable oil in a large skillet over medium heat until hot (around 350°F).
Carefully place the coated tomato slices into the hot oil, cooking in batches to avoid overcrowding. Fry for about 3-4 minutes on each side, or until golden brown and crispy.
Remove the fried tomatoes from the skillet and place them on a paper towel-lined plate to drain excess oil.
Serve warm as a side dish or appetizer.